01
To say dongzhentang, we must first say zhaobosheng.
In his early years, zhaobosheng studied at Baoding military academy and graduated in 1917. At that time, the Beiyang government was in the power of the Anhui Department. Zhaobosheng, a group of outstanding graduates, was assigned to the Anhui Department army as a grass-roots officer.
In the old army, zhaobosheng still had great ambitions. He wrote in his diary:
“If you have no noble knowledge, you will have more than enough energy to save the country. If you want to achieve this goal, you cannot succeed unless you study hard.”
Zhaobosheng wanted to save the country, but reality did not give him a chance.
Just after he graduated and entered the army, a series of scuffles took place in China, such as Zhang Xun’s restoration, the Zhiwan war, the Zhifeng war, etc. as a grass-roots officer, Zhao Bosheng had no ability to turn the tide, so he followed the army to various warlords and passed through Anhui, Zhilin and Fenglin departments.
Faced with such an encounter, zhaobosheng was disheartened: “China’s politics is so corrupt and society is so dark. I really don’t want to work here. I want to pull a foreign car.”
Chinese soldiers are dissatisfied with the reality and want to pull foreign cars. Putin of the Soviet KGB wants to drive a taxi after losing his job. Is this occupation so attractive???
However, Putin did not drive a taxi, nor did zhaobosheng pull a foreign car.
In 1926, zhaobosheng, who had already joined the northwest army, saw the first ray of sunshine in his life. Through Mr. Li Dazhao’s matchmaking, the Soviet Union established relations with Feng Yuxiang and sent military advisers to Feng Yuxiang’s army. Our party also sent a large number of Party members to work in Feng Yuxiang’s army.
So, zhaobosheng met the Communist Party member liubojian and read a lot of revolutionary theories. At the age of nearly 30, zhaobosheng also knew where China should go.
Although fengyuxiang had no chance to embark on the revolutionary road in his army, the political work of Soviet advisers and communists planted a seed in zhaobosheng’s heart. As soon as the time came, it was possible for this seed to germinate.
In 1930, Chiang Kai Shek, Yan Xishan and Feng Yuxiang broke out in the Central Plains war. Feng Yuxiang was defeated, the main force was incorporated by Chiang Kai Shek, and the rest belonged to songzheyuan.
Zhaobosheng did not participate in the Central Plains war, but stationed in Xi’an as the chief of staff of the 14th army and the brigade commander of the special forces brigade.
After the war, yanghucheng led his troops to Xi’an and asked zhaobosheng to surrender. But zhaobosheng was unwilling to surrender to yanghucheng. He took some people out and went to jihongchang in Henan.
His uncle zhaoyiyuan, a sworn brother of jihongchang, had some power in the army, so he persuaded zhaobosheng to live in jihongchang’s headquarters and find a job here.
Zhaobosheng said, “I’ll think about it.”
Just when he was considering whether to stay in jihongchang headquarters, sun Lianzhong, a trusted General of fengyuxiang who had just accepted the adaptation, wrote: “the northwest army has been adapted into the 26th Route Army, and the old brothers are here. You used to be the chief of staff of the army, so you might as well be the chief of staff of the 26th Route Army.”
Zhaobosheng thought that jihongchang could not give him the post of chief of staff, so he would go to the 26th Route Army as chief of staff.
So zhaobosheng said goodbye to jihongchang and his uncle, packed his bags and came to Shandong to work.
After joining the army for 14 years, zhaobosheng has been changing his work unit. He thinks this is the last time and will not change again.
What zhaobosheng didn’t expect was that just one year later, he changed his work unit. This was the last time, and because of this change in work, he wrote his name in the history of China.
In the 26th Route Army, zhaobosheng became familiar with dongzhentang.
Dongzhentang did not have the rich experience of zhaobosheng. He graduated from the artillery Department of Baoding Military Academy in 1922. He heard that fengyuxiang had strict military discipline, so he took the initiative to apply for fengyuxiang’s military service. He Jifeng and other 13 students were also with him.
In fengyuxiang’s army, dongzhentang performed very well.
When the officer couldn’t pay his salary, he ate a large stove with the soldiers and wanted to participate in the exercise. He also dug trenches with the soldiers and won the hearts of the army.
Fengyuxiang saw it in his eyes and wanted to transfer dongzhentang from the post of platoon commander to the headquarters as a captain’s staff officer. Fengyuxiang thinks dongzhentang will be grateful for his promotion. As a result, dongzhentang said, I am not willing to be a staff officer. I just want to lead troops at the grass-roots level.
Fengyuxiang was so angry that you, dongzhentang, didn’t appreciate it and dared to refute Lao Tzu’s face.
Seeing that Dong Zhentang was about to be punished, it was Liu Ji, the chief of staff, who advised him: “talents are rare. Respect Dong Zhentang’s personal wishes.” this left him a life.
This life is worth it.
In 1926, fengyuxiang swore at Wuyuan, and then sent troops south to capture Shaanxi and Henan.
Dongzhentang, who has been promoted to brigade commander, personally led the broadsword team to attack in front in Deng County, Henan Province. He sent the main force to attack from both sides, annihilated thousands of Yu Xuezhong’s headquarters, and protected the commander-in-chief sunlianzhong from retreating safely.
Then he commanded the troops to attack wupeifu’s headquarters in Xiangfan for two days and one night. He captured wupeifu’s chief of staff and 16 divisions forced to surrender to Yu Xuezhong. Wupeifu and his wife secretly crossed the Han River to escape. They looked like Wang Baobao, who crossed the Yellow River with a log.
What a powerful general.
And such a strong general doesn’t love money.
After winning the battle in Henan, dongzhentang captured wupeifu’s golden saddle. Hearing that his classmate hejifeng was injured and had not been captured, he gave him the Golden Saddle and 20 box guns. Hejifeng felt ashamed of receiving it, so he discussed with dongzhentang and handed these things over to the leaders.
His father who stayed in Hebei knew that dongzhentang had become an official and spent money to build brick houses, but dongzhentang went back to live for a day and said to his father:
“Don’t build new houses in the future. In the future, when the country becomes prosperous and strong, everyone will have a house to live in.”
As the wife of a high-ranking official, Jia Mingyu also wore coarse cotton padded clothes at important occasions. Every time, she was laughed at by the official wives who wore silk.
Dongzhentang didn’t care whether jiamingyu was wronged. He just said to his wife, “in my whole life, you don’t think about me smoking, drinking, or visiting the kiln. When I get rich, I won’t find my little wife.”
With such a man, life is almost the same, but at least it’s safe and secure.
In this way, dongzhentang appears to be independent. Some people say that he does not love General Qian. Others say that he is a stupid commander. In short, he is different from others.
After the Central Plains war in 1930, the defeated fengyuxiang army was reorganized into the 26th Route Army, which governed the 25th and 27th divisions. Dongzhentang’s troops were reorganized into the 25th division and the 73rd brigade, which was demoted to brigade commander stationed in Shandong.
It can be said that zhaobosheng and dongzhentang were in the government house, but they had already joined the party ideologically, laying the groundwork for the “Ningdu uprising” a year later.
02
In February of 1931, Chiang Kai Shek was preparing to launch the second “encirclement and suppression” war against the Red Army, so he sent the 26th Route Army to Jiangxi, which would increase the number of troops and enable the miscellaneous armies and the Red Army to lose both.
Chiang Kai Shek used the sword to kill people, and his calculation was very smart.
However, the officers and men of the 26th Route Army were all from North China and were unwilling to fight in the humid Jiangxi Province. Therefore, a regiment under dongzhentang took the initiative to destroy the railway and prepared to stay in Shandong under the excuse of inconvenient transportation.
Chiang Kai Shek could not hide this from him at all. He sent liuyufen, an old general of the northwest army, to Shandong to announce his order. If he did not go to Jiangxi, he would stop paying the salaries of the 26th Route Army.
Without military pay, you can’t support your family. So it’s meaningless to stay in Shandong. You’d better go to Jiangxi. Maybe there’s a pension.
Therefore, the 26th Route Army basically has no intention of fighting with the Red Army. This psychological state may evolve into the motivation of “making a living” when fighting against the Red Army is unfavorable.
This is also the case.
In May, the 26th route army lost the division headquarters of the 27th division and a brigade in its first battle with the Red Army. The 26th Route Army has two divisions and six brigades in total. It lost so much in the first battle. If we continue to fight in the future, won’t we have to put the whole army together?
So the 26th route army began to spread: “the fighting capacity of the Red Army is too strong. We can’t fight, but our parents, wife and children are still waiting for us in the north. What should we do?”
Then stop fighting and find a way to make a living.
Zhaobosheng is the chief of staff. He does not directly lead the troops. His voice is slightly weak. As a brigade commander, dongzhentang couldn’t manage so much. On the one hand, he made false information and tried his best to pass the buck to Chiang Kai Shek for his “suppression” order. On the other hand, he sent someone to contact fengyuxiang, hoping that officer Feng would lead them out of the fire.
Dongzhentang made false information, which had a certain effect, but it was indeed dongzhentang’s miscalculation to expect fengyuxiang to make a living.
After the Central Plains war, fengyuxiang lost his territory and became the mascot of the government. How could he be able to resist Chiang Kai Shek.
By September, the third anti encirclement and suppression war was basically over, and the southern Jiangxi and Western Fujian base areas were connected, so the 26th Route Army stationed in Ningdu was surrounded by the Red Army on three sides.
Moreover, many officers and soldiers of the 26th Route Army were infected with malaria due to acclimatization, and thousands of people died in a short time. If it was just death, some officers would roll up their mats and throw them out of the city when the soldiers were not sure of their death in order to get empty pay, resulting in groans and screams outside Ningdu city.
The officers and men of the 26th Route Army were particularly confused.
Chiang Kai Shek was also unwilling to take charge of them. They were originally sent to Jiangxi to consume dissidents. Now they are trapped in Ningdu and had better die and fall down.
Of course, the Route Army wanted to save themselves. They left the battlefield and went north to return to their hometown. However, after more than 60 miles, they were blocked by Chiang Kai Shek’s troops. They were not allowed to continue to go north. They had to return to Ningdu to “suppress bandits”.
In the face of this situation, the commander-in-chief sunlianzhong went to Shanghai for dental treatment on the excuse of leaving the army and running away. Zhaobosheng, the chief of staff, was responsible for daily military affairs.
In zhaobosheng’s opinion, the Red Army can’t fight, but the National Army doesn’t take care of it. The 26th Route Army has only one way to turn its back.
He wanted to change sides, but he didn’t know how to join.
Luoyaping, the director of the headquarters’ translation and teleconference department, is from Hubei. Zhaobosheng and luoyaping used to say: “director Luo, Hubei is a place out of the Communist Party. Have you seen it? Are their mouths as big as blood pots?”
Coincidentally, zhaobosheng asked the right person.
During the northern expedition of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, a large number of Communist Party members in the northwest army were doing political work and training a large number of underground party members. This time, the 26th Route Army entered Jiangxi. The Central Committee in Shanghai was not sure whether there were any underground party members in this army, so Wang Chao, yuan Xuezu and Li Su were sent to the 26th Route Army to see if they could be contacted.
They entered the 26th Route Army. After careful investigation, they soon established contact with liuzhenya.
Liuzhenya was the captain’s staff officer of dongzhentang and the only underground Party member who took over from the party organization. Therefore, the “26th Route Army Special Branch Committee” was established and more than 20 party members were recruited in a short time, including luoyaping.
Luoyaping apparently fooled Zhao Bosheng when he heard his question, but when he went out, he reported to the special branch committee that there was a problem with Zhao Bosheng’s ideological trend and that he could contact him.
The special branch committee studied and decided to write a letter with sensitive contents, which luoyaping would send to zhaobosheng’s desk. If zhaobosheng can accept the proposal in the letter, he will directly state his attitude. If zhaobosheng does not accept it, luoyaping is ready to sacrifice.
The trial went well.
When zhaobosheng saw the letter, he immediately found luoyaping:
“Does this letter have anything to do with you? You have a very original view. Yaping, you know me. I have been aspiring to the revolution for a long time. I have no leadership. I went to Shanghai to find Minister Liu, but I couldn’t find him. Today, I invite you to be my guide. I want to join the Communist Party of China.”
I believe that this is the truth of zhaobosheng. He had no chance in the north before. Now he is facing a choice between life and death. The dilemma of reality has marked out his ideal.
In October, 1931, the Central Committee approved zhaobosheng to join the party.
Now that they have joined the party and decided to defecte, zhaobosheng and members of the special branch must unite with senior officers. Their first thought is dongzhentang.
Zhaobosheng forged an order from sunlianzhong, which said “temporarily dismiss dongzhentang as brigade commander”, and then went to visit dongzhentang. Dongzhentang was furious when he saw the order. It was so special that he didn’t give people a way to live. So zhaobosheng took the opportunity to persuade him: “if there is something wrong, we can unite together to avoid being eaten.”
As for what is “what’s the matter”, what zhaobosheng said directly is not very good. It is the best choice to let dongzhentang speak by himself through guidance.
In November, zhaobosheng, dongzhentang, liuzhenya and others held a meeting to discuss the future of the 26th army.
Zhaobosheng: “if we continue to fight against the Red Army, the whole army will be destroyed.”
After hearing this, dongzhentang had a special feeling: “now there are no soldiers, no ammunition, and they are not used to life. They can no longer fight with the Red Army.”
Liuzhenya deliberately said, “chief of staff Zhao, how is the Red Army? You must know better than us.”
Zhaobosheng: “some said good and some said bad. What they heard was different from what they saw. They all said that the red army killed people and set fire to the Communist wife, but what they saw was not the same. The Red Army even released the captured prisoners.”
After zhaobosheng finished, everyone began to discuss the Red Army. In fact, they were introducing the Red Army to dongzhentang.
At last, zhaobosheng began to point out: “we are not Chiang Kai Shek’s lineage. There is no territory in the south, and all the territory in the North has been lost. If we don’t do it well, we will die without a burial place.”
Dongzhentang was originally a model soldier and had read about socialism. Now he has made up his mind: “there is only one way, that is, to pull the troops to the Red Army.”
Zhaobosheng asked him if he had any determination. Dongzhentang said there was only one way to do it.
03
Although uprising in Ningdu is a way to make a living, it may also fail. Zhaobosheng and dongzhentang have made psychological preparations for this.
Zhaobosheng wrote in his diary: “his wife is ugly and childless, so he will no longer accept marriage, and he has nothing to worry about.”
Dongzhentang wrote a letter to his relatives in Hebei: “pay attention to everything. There may be great disasters recently. In case of disasters, go to dongshengtang in Shanxi to take shelter.”
They are all ready to die in battle, and they are also ready for a new life.
They had made up their minds to revolt. As for how to revolt, they still wanted to plan in detail, but Chiang Kai Shek did not give them time to plan in detail.
At the end of November 1931, Wang Chao was ordered to work in Shanghai. Unfortunately, he was arrested when he passed Nanchang. The list of Party members, political resolutions and organizational resolutions of the 26th route army he carried with him were searched.
At this time, Chiang Kai Shek knew that the 26th Route Army had a Communist Organization, but he did not know the uprising plan, so he ordered the 26th Route Army to arrest Communists such as liuzhenya and Yuan Xuezu, and sent them to Nanchang to camp at night.
This order was translated by Luo Yaping and sent to zhaobosheng.
After discussing with comrades of the special branch, they believed that Chiang Kai Shek knew that there were Communists in the 26th Route Army, and that this time he was arresting them. Maybe there would be other tricks in the future, so he would take the opportunity to revolt and be done.
So zhaobosheng forged an order to go camping in Nanchang, and tried dongzhentang for the last time. The order said: “an’nei is the premise to fight against foreign aggression, and the suppression of bandits is the forerunner of the Anti Japanese war. I hope we can quickly carry out the suppression, and don’t miss a good opportunity.”
When Dong Zhentang saw this order, he immediately took the lead and scolded Chiang Kai Shek: “it’s time to take the 26th Route Army as supplies. I won’t serve.”
Seeing dongzhentang’s response, zhaobosheng was convinced that dongzhentang was reliable and that he was sincere in uprising.
However, if zhaobosheng had no direct troops and the uprising was only supported by dongzhentang, only the 73rd brigade would join the Red Army, which was not big enough. To save the entire 26th Route Army, we must convince jizhentong, the commander of the 74th brigade.
The 74th brigade is the most powerful unit of the 26th Route Army. It is well equipped and well-trained. The most important thing is to be stationed in Ningdu. If jizhentong is willing to participate in the uprising, he can cooperate with Dong Zhentang and pull the whole 26th Route Army to the Soviet area.
Zhaobosheng and dongzhentang find jizhentong and show him the forged order. Jizhentong and dongzhentang react the same, scolding Chiang Kai Shek for his shamelessness and making up their minds immediately:
“Simply unite with the Red Army and go back to the north to fight Japan.”
The three reached an agreement, put the uprising on the table, and sent yuan Xuezu to sneak into the Soviet area to report.
Zhu De was very happy to hear that the 26th Route Army was going to revolt. He immediately convened the Central Revolutionary Military Commission for discussion and finally gave seven instructions:
Try your best to win over all the uprisings.
If not, the 73rd brigade will be the main part of the uprising.
In the case of a local uprising, exposed comrades went to the Soviet Area and those who were not exposed continued to lurk.
The Fourth Red Army was sent to Huitong to monitor the national army and coordinate the uprising.
Wang Jiaxiang, Liu Bojian and Zuo Quan were sent to Pengpai county to contact and command the radio station.
After the uprising, the army was renamed the red 16 army, and zhaobosheng, dongzhentang and jizhentong promoted each other as leaders.
If possible, arrest two leaders of the reactionary armed forces in Ningdu.
Zhu De and his comrades took into consideration what countermeasures to take in case of any situation. Then Yejianying drew a map indicating the route to the Soviet Area and the station, and gave it to yuan Xuezu along with seven instructions to take back to Ningdu.
The instructions said that the 74th brigade had a strong fighting capacity and was a key factor in the uprising, so they pushed Ji Zhentong to be the commander after the uprising.
However, Ji Zhentong felt that the size of the army was too small and the position of commander was too small. Some of them were unwilling to work. In order to stabilize Ji Zhentong, the Central Revolutionary Committee of the PLA issued new instructions:
“After the uprising, the army was reorganized into the fifth Red Army Corps. Jizhentong was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Corps, and the money and pay were under the unified control of jizhentong.”
Jizhentong was satisfied and took part in the uprising in a down-to-earth manner.
On the night of December 14, zhaobosheng, in his capacity as chief of staff, invited the officers above the regiment level of the 26th Route Army to dinner. He said that there were brandy, Fort cigarettes and American fruit from Nanjing. After dinner, he also prepared mahjong. Don’t miss it.
Officers at all levels who had been trapped in Ningdu for a year could not stand the temptation. They all came. However, during the meal, zhaobosheng stood up and announced: “the 26th Route Army has risen.”
The officers looked at each other, but there was nothing they could do. People had to bow their heads under the eaves and could only declare their participation in the uprising.
At two o’clock in the morning, 17000 officers and men of the 26th Route Army stationed in Ningdu took part in the uprising, except that division commander lisongkun took a regiment away.
After dawn, the fifth Red Army Corps set out to enter the Soviet area.
On the morning of the 16th, Zhu De and Mao Zedong signed an order appointing jizhentong as the commander in chief of the Red Army Fifth Corps, dongzhentang as the deputy commander in chief and commander of the 13th army, zhaobosheng as the chief of staff and commander of the 14th army, and huangzhongyue as the commander of the 15th army.
This army, which was entirely from North China, became one of the main forces in the Central Soviet area. They brought more than 20000 weapons and eight radio stations to the Red Army, which greatly supplemented its strength.
04
The Red Army Fifth Corps was reorganized from the national army into the Red Army. It retains many of the bad shortcomings of the national army and must be reformed before it can become a real red army unit.
On the one hand, the army was split and the Red Army 14 was assigned to the Red Army 3 corps and the Red Army 15 to the Red Army 1 Corps.
On the other hand, xiaojinguang was appointed political commissar of the red Fifth Army, liubojian as director of the political department, hechanggong as political commissar of the 13th army, huanghuoqing as political commissar of the 14th army and Zuo Quan as political commissar of the 15th army. Through publicity and education, the red Fifth Army was transformed.
Of course, publicity and education is a way to transform the army. Another purpose of political cadres is actually to take over military power and turn the Ningdu uprising army into a party led army. This is also transformation.
Jizhentong, commander in chief of the Corps, is not used to these tasks.
When he took part in the “Ningdu uprising”, he had a speculative mentality, such as protecting the army and disliking officials for being small, which was still the same as the old and new warlords of the Kuomintang.
Now that the two armies have been separated, political cadres have entered the Red Army Fifth Corps and want to take charge of military power with the military chief. Ji Zhentong naturally feels that it may be dangerous to be deprived of military power.
So when jizhentong came to the Soviet Area, he was often depressed and told others that he was a short seller.
In addition, Ji Zhentong was not used to the hard life of the Red Army. In april1932, he said to xiaojinguang, the political commissar of the Army: “I am not very used to the work of the Red Army. I want to leave the army to study military in the Soviet Union.”
The Red Army is an army that voluntarily participates in the revolution and never reluctantly. After xiaojinguang reported, the central government agreed to his request to study abroad.
If things stop here, or Ji Zhentong goes fast, there is nothing wrong. However, Ji Zhentong was harmed by all kinds of things.
After the fifth Red Army Corps entered the Soviet Area, fengyuxiang, who could not be trusted at the critical moment, appeared. He sent Liu Ji, the chief of staff, to contact Ji Zhentong and asked him to take his troops out of the Soviet area.
Fengyuxiang’s ideas are understandable.
This army is his old base. The troops stationed in Ningdu at the beginning may not be completely destroyed. Speaking for them may offend Chiang Kai Shek and is not worth it. When this branch became the Red Army, Feng Yuxiang’s old base was completely gone. He had to be brought back before he could make a comeback.
When jizhentong received the news from fengyuxiang, he immediately reported it to xiaojinguang, and gave the counter insurgency letter to xiaojinguang, saying that he had no second thoughts.
Then in May, xiaojinguang held a farewell party for jizhentong and sent him to Ruijin. Except for a guard, jizhentong didn’t even take away a gun.
It may be to protect himself, or it may be disheartened. Anyway, jizhentong left like this.
Huang Zhongyue, the commander of the 15th army, was just as unaccustomed to the Red Army as Ji Zhentong. Before the fight in Fujian, he said, “I will go to the front this time and do as much as I can. I can’t wait.”.
It means to drag a gun out of the Soviet area.
Huang Zhongyue’s remarks were denounced. With the approval of Li Kenong and Zhou Enlai, Huang Zhongyue and six other people were arrested. After this incident, Feng Yuxiang’s plot against Ji Zhentong also appeared to be highly suspected, so Ji Zhentong, who had just arrived in Ruijin, was also arrested.
The supreme court composed of heshuheng, Liubocheng and other five people announced that jizhentong, huangzhongyue and others were executed by gunshot and all their property was confiscated.
After the judgment was reported, Mao Zedong and Xiangying believed that they were all meritorious heroes of the Ningdu uprising. No matter how much they contributed to the revolution, they should not be shot.
The two of them signed an order to change jizhentong and huangzhongyue to 10 years’ imprisonment and the others to eight years’ imprisonment.
In that environment, this order is already very human, and we can’t force too much. However, Ji Zhentong and Huang Zhongyue were shot to death on the eve of the long march.
At the beginning, jizhentong was promoted as the commander in chief of the Corps. The fundamental reason was that his troops had strong combat effectiveness. Now that jizhentong had an accident, among the Ningdu uprising troops, only dongzhentang, the former brigade commander of the 73rd brigade and the current commander of the 13th Red Army, was able to take charge of the overall situation.
Although zhaobosheng was the planner of the uprising, he had no basic troops and could not represent the Ningdu uprising.
So dongzhentang took over from jizhentong and became the commander-in-chief of the fifth Red Army Corps as the representative of the Ningdu uprising. The main force under his command was his old army until he died in Gansu five years later.
Of course, Dong Zhentang is excellent in both character and ability.
He worked as an officer for many years and saved 3000 yuan of property. After joining the Communist Party in the Soviet Area, he said to hechanggong, “political commissar, Communists can’t have private property. I’ll pay all this money to the party fee.”
Hechanggong advised him that after working hard all his life, you should leave some for the elderly.
After some debate, dongzhentang agreed to leave threehundred oceans and pay the party dues for the rest. He didn’t spend all this money on himself. Instead, he used it to subsidize the sick and wounded until he spent it on the long march.
On another occasion, when Dong Zhentang was resting, he found hechanggong and asked him to be confined according to the regulations.
Hechanggong persuades him that you are the commander of the army. Forget it.
Dongzhentang refused. He was confined for three days with his bedding on his back, setting an example for the whole army.
Dongzhentang is a new Party member, but this kind of character can not be honed without ten years of party experience.
These are the things that just entered the Soviet area.
In terms of ability, just a little.
The troops from the northwest army are good at using broadswords. Every time when it comes to a white-edged war, dongzhentang personally leads thousands of soldiers to wield broadswords and chop in close quarters. Often, the same number of enemy corpses can be left and a great victory can be achieved.
To the praise of the Red Army officers and men, “the charge of the first corps and the encirclement of the third corps” soon added “the broadsword of the Fifth Corps.”
During the Long March, Dong Zhentang commanded the fifth Red Army regiment behind the Xiangjiang hall, and the troops were reduced from more than 10000 to 5000. A few months later, he held out behind the shibanhe hall for nine days and nine nights, fighting 10000 enemy troops with 5000 to ensure that the central and brother troops could cross the Jinsha River.
Because of the great contributions and heavy casualties, the Central Committee said that the fifth Red Army Corps was an iron guard.
Without dongzhentang, after jizhentong and huangzhongyue were arrested and zhaobosheng was killed, the Red Army would be short of a main force with strong fighting capacity. Dongzhentang, who joined the Red Army, won a reputation in the Red Army and occupied a place in history with his own character and ability.
The link between the Ningdu uprising and the Red Army is actually dongzhentang. It can be regarded as mutual achievements.
05
In August of 1935, in order to facilitate command and unity, the red army joined forces for two months, and the troops were mixed.
Dongzhentang and the fifth Red Army Corps were incorporated into the left Route Army, renamed the fifth Red Army, under the leadership of general political commissar zhangguotao and commander in chief Zhu De. In the following year, dongzhentang followed zhangguotao for a blind stroll. He walked the grassland twice and climbed the snow mountains twice.
It was just hard work. To his death, zhangguotao appointed a group of Party and government cadres from the Fourth Front Army to hold important posts in the Red Army and merged the red 33rd army with the Red Army.
It is normal for the Red Army to appoint cadres and mobilize troops, but it is very unusual when Zhang Guotao and the Central Committee are fighting for power.
In other words, the fifth Red Army was transformed by zhangguotao and dongzhentang was elevated.
These abnormal transfers directly led to the sacrifice of dongzhentang.
In November, 1936, the Red Army 30, the Red Army 9 and the Red Army 5 formed the West Route Army, ready to open up the Hexi Corridor and meet the assistance of the Soviet Union.
Two months later, dongzhentang commanded the red 5 army to occupy Linze County. After a few hours’ rest, he took more than 3000 people to continue the attack and occupied Gaotai County. Military political commissar Huang Chao led more than 1000 people to stay in Linze and detained the only radio station in the army.
This has led dongzhentang to want to contact the central government only through Huang Chao. Whether to give him radio or not depends on the situation.
Huang Chao was a confidant of zhangguotao. In doing so, he actually used radio to control the Red Army and dongzhentang.
How can military and political cadres fight a good war if they are so suspicious?
Just a few days after dongzhentang conquered Gaotai, the Majiajun sent 20000 troops to surround Gaotai and cut off the connection between Linze and Gaotai.
At this time, Huang Chao, who controls the radio station, did not contact dongzhentang or report the situation to the Central Committee, so he stayed still. When the fifth Red Army and the Ma family army fought hard for several days and felt that they were really unable to break through, Huang Chao sent a letter:
“Commander Dong, Gaotai is an important stronghold to open up the international line. The headquarters orders must be adhered to. If Gaotai fails, you will be asked to take the head of commander Dong.”
Do you know you can’t do it? Is it to execute an order or to kill with a knife?
Dongzhentang had no choice but to break through and preserve the strength of the Red Army at any time. He was forced to cling to Gaotai County and was eventually wiped out.
Huang Chao, who ordered dongzhentang to stick to it, did not stick to it for a moment. He went all the way to Dihua, Xinjiang, through the Hexi corridor. A year later, he was executed by Wang Ming on the charge of “Trotskyist”.
The murderer always kills, and the cycle of cause and effect backfires.
During the Ningdu uprising in december1931, 17000 officers and soldiers, including zhaobosheng and dongzhentang, made a living. By january1937, the whole army was destroyed in Gaotai, but it was only five years.
They did not make a living for themselves, but they sacrificed their lives to make a living for the Chinese people. In the long history, their sacrifice is worth it.
But this last song is too sad and worthless.