He lived to be 107 years old and was decided by six words

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Eight years ago, on January 7, 2014, Shaw died of illness in Hong Kong at the age of 107.

At that time, a portal website made a commemorative topic with the title:

Reaching the goal will help the world.

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? the statue of run run run, the source of pictures / the creativity of pictures.

01

In 1957, at the age of 50, run run run from Nanyang to Hong Kong.

At that time, the Shaw Brothers were well-known in the film and television industry. As early as 1925, the four brothers established Tianyi film company in Shanghai with their rich family property.

Shao ZUIWENG, the eldest, is the general manager and director, Shao Cun, the second, is the accountant and screenwriter, shaorenmei, the third, is responsible for the distribution, and Shao Yifu, the sixth, is helping his brothers while reading.

Under the joint efforts of brothers, Tianyi became one of the three major film companies in old Shanghai, and also developed its business to Hong Kong, Guangzhou and even Southeast Asia, becoming a well-known multinational company overseas.

In the 1950s, the Shao brothers who went south met the rare development opportunity in Hong Kong. Here, elites from all over the world gathered.

However, Shao Tsuen, the second brother in charge of Hong Kong business, did not focus on production, but focused on the construction of theatres, which was soon suppressed by his competitor Cathay Pacific.

In the second year of his coming to Hong Kong, the vigorous and resolute Shaw Brothers film company was established. Later, he built large-scale projects and spent money like a ton of money, showing his extraordinary entrepreneurial spirit.

He spent a huge sum of money to buy a piece of land with an area of more than 60000 square meters in Qingshuiwan, opened mountains and reclaimed sea to build a cinema, and purchased equipment from the United States.

Shaw Studios, which he created by himself, had more than 1300 employees in its heyday and was praised as “Oriental Hollywood” by foreign media.

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? Shao’s classic title.

The conservatism of the people in Shao village was rejected by run run run and his third brother shaorenmei.

In order to completely seize the production rights of the second son, shaorenmei and run run Yifu came up with a move to “release the military power with a cup of wine”. At the 60th birthday of the people in Shao village, they publicly announced: “the second brother has worked hard and made great achievements. Now he is old, so it is better to retire and enjoy happiness.”

People in Shao village were forced into the palace by their younger brother. They were unwilling to admit their advice. Although they gave up their production rights, they played a role in the construction of Shao Yifu. He first sold the old Shaw Studios, and then the Xinhua theater he bought did not show Shaw films, but premiered western films.

It was not until 1961 that the Shao estate officially withdrew from the Shao brothers company, and the Shao family business was divided into two.

In the ups and downs of Shaw company, the struggle for power runs through all the time. These feelings and grudges have become an endless topic in the Hong Kong Film and television industry.

02

At the beginning of its establishment, Shao’s company, which faced the separation of brothers, suffered from constant domestic and foreign troubles.

Run Run Shaw dared not neglect, but worked conscientiously. When talking about work, he said: “my attitude towards doing things is to do everything well, even the smallest part. I will never relax until a thing is perfect.”

Zhang Che, a director of the Shaw clan, witnessed the dedication of Shaw. According to his memory:

(Run Shaw) for decades. Go to work at 9 o’clock every day and practice Qigong for two hours before going to work without interruption. When I go to work, I tell all the supervisors to write a note, one for each person. The first thing I do after I arrive at the factory is to see the MAO film made by the director the day before. I stand and watch it while doing a shake hands movement.

Shaw once said that he had no entertainment. Watching movies was his job and his entertainment.

He claims to be the person who watches the most movies in the world. Before the age of 80, he watched sixorseven movies a year.

In order to ensure the quality of the film, Shaw strictly controlled the film. He said: “the audience must be very happy after watching bad films. If they watch too much, they will lose confidence in you, so it is better to burn bad films.”

In the early days of Shaw’s founding, there were countless films in which Shaw died. The slogan “Shao’s production must be a good film” is by no means empty talk.

At the same time of the difficult development of Shao, the problems brought about by the exodus of Shao village were soon exposed.

There are three sons in Shao village, and shaoweiying, the second son, is highly appreciated by Shao. After the people of Shao village quit Shao’s company, shaoweiying was still retained by uncle Liu as the general manager and became the backbone of Shao’s early stage. Shao intended to train him as the successor of Shao’s film business.

However, the people in Shao village were unwilling to let their sons “work for others” because they were pushed away by their brothers, and ordered shaoweiying to quit the Shao brothers. Shaoweiying didn’t want to disobey his father, so he had to hand over a letter of resignation to his sixth uncle and left Japan. From then on, he became unknown.

After the wise nephew left, Shaw was obviously short of money, so he had to look for talents everywhere. Zouwenhuai, who was born as a reporter, joined Shaw at this time and became Shaw’s right-hand man.

When shaoweiying left, zhounaiwen took over as general manager. Run run run did not want to entrust the power to outsiders. Zhou Naiwen was only responsible for the distribution field, and zouwenhuai, who was promoted by run run run, was responsible for the large and small affairs of the company.

Zouwenhuai has made great contributions to the Shao family for many years, but his position has been limited to the director of publicity and the production manager. At the highest, he was only the deputy general manager. During this period, the general manager changed several times. Even if he didn’t take real power, he was always under the pressure of zouwenhuai.

Zouwenhuai was very depressed. No matter how hard he tried, he couldn’t be a sole shareholder. The Shao family is a family business. At the beginning of its establishment, the articles of association stated that the main shareholders can only be the Shao family.

This foreshadowed zouwenhuai’s departure from the Shao family in the future and his independence.

03

At that time, Shao’s competitor Cathay Pacific made many excellent works that were both acclaimed and acclaimed, which made Shao a little worried.

Zouwenhuai gave advice to run run run. He hired Lin Dai, the most popular actress in Hong Kong, from Cathay Pacific to pay twice the film fee.

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? LindaI.

LindaI, whose real name is chengyueru, and his father chengsiyuan, a big man of the Guangxi family, helped lizongren run for vice president of the Republic of China. LindaI was praised by director lihanxiang as “a star in the film world that can’t be found for decades”. Unfortunately, she met a lady and married long Wu, the son of Long Yun, the “king of Yunnan”. In 1964, Lin Dai committed suicide due to marriage change. She was only 30 years old. Many years later, when people in Hong Kong thought of the beautiful women who had lost their lives, they were the first to mention LindaI.

After Lin Dai moved to Shao, she appeared in the film Diao Chan in 1958. The film won five awards at the 5th Asian Film Festival, directed by lihanxiang.

Lihanxiang studied fine arts and was obsessed with drama. When he was young, he took a forged high school diploma to apply for college. When he was discovered, his student status was cancelled. In 1948, he actively participated in various student movements, but went south to Hong Kong on the eve of the regime change.

Lihanxiang was one of the directors most valued by Shaw. His Huangmei Opera films became a major sign of Shaw at that time.

“Liangshanbo and Zhu Yingtai”, which was released in 1963, was compiled and directed by lihanxiang, and achieved good box office results. After it was released in Taipei, it set a record of 62 consecutive days in Taipei, with a total box office revenue of more than NT $8million.

When Lingbo, the actress who plays Liang Shanbo, visited Taiwan, the streets were deserted. Therefore, she won the “special award for best actor” of the 2nd Golden Horse Award. The reason for this award was that the judges did not know whether to award her the actor award or the heroine award at that time.

“Butterfly Lovers” has made Taiwan a “madman city”. For the next 30 years, Taiwan’s film market has always followed Hong Kong’s lead. As Taiwanese actor Zhang Aijia said, Taiwanese filmmakers feel that as long as there are Hong Kong actors, they are good films.

When lihanxiang’s career was booming, Cathay Pacific plotted against him and supported him to set up Guolian company in Taiwan. Lihanxiang wanted to do something and made some good films in Taiwan. However, due to poor management, he was on the verge of bankruptcy within a few years. By 1971, he had to return to Hong Kong in a panic.

Hearing that lihanxiang wanted to return to the Shao family, Shao Yifu wanted to refuse, but his third brother shaorenmei ignored the past grievances and persuaded him to “strive for wealth but not for success”. Lihanxiang returned to the Shao family and made a comeback. He also developed new commercial films, such as deception films, romantic films, Qing palace films, etc.

Even making erotic films, many later directors could not compare with the old driver.

Hujinquan, lihanxiang’s sworn brother, also became famous in the Shao family. Hujinquan was a male science student. Later, he pioneered the use of spring bed to beat the lightness skill jump, which was inspired by learning science and engineering.

He introduced Chinese martial arts films to the world and made classic films such as the drunken knight and the dragon’s Gate Inn. “The drunken Knight” is also known as the first martial arts film of the new school.

However, hujinquan and Shao also had discord.

In 1964, hujinquan directed the Anti Japanese film “children of the earth” for Shao. Because some Southeast Asian countries implemented anti race laws at that time, Shao deleted a large number of scenes of Japanese atrocities and the confrontation between the Chinese and Japanese armies, especially the scenes with national flags. Hujinquan was not satisfied with this.

Later, the film “red beard”, written by hujinquan, was originally optimistic about location in Taiwan. Zouwenhuai had also signed a contract with Taiwan, but was ordered to stop filming by Run Run Shaw. Later, it was filmed in Taiwan by other directors and renamed “mountain bandit”, with hujinquan as a nominal screenwriter.

Before long, hujinquan left Shao’s company for Taiwan.

04

Zhangche, another of the shaos, is the one who created the martial arts movie Jianghu with hujinquan.

Zhang Che was born in a Zhejiang warlord family. In his early years in politics, he first worked as a Commissioner for the “Cultural Games” in Shanghai, and later went to Taiwan to be promoted by Jiang Jingguo. In officialdom, Zhang Che always thought about being addicted to officialdom, but he had to quit politics because of frequent failures in the power struggle. From then on, he indulged in sensuality and gossip and had an affair with actress Li Mei. Therefore, he became a director by mistake.

When he first arrived in Hong Kong, zhangche worked for Cathay Pacific for one year before being poached by Shao. When Shaw was the director of screenwriting, Zhang Che received a small note from Shaw every day, on which he wrote the assigned items. Few people except zouwenhuai could enjoy this treatment, which shows Shaw’s expectations for Zhang Che.

Zhangche did not disappoint him.

In the 1960s, the farsighted run run run adopted the differentiation strategy proposed by zouwenhuai, which coincided with the popularity of martial arts novels by Jin Yong, liangyusheng and others in Hong Kong, so he intended to create a “martial arts century”. During this period, Shao finally surpassed his rival Cathay Pacific, and his film career reached its peak.

Zhang Che takes the lead with martial arts films. The characters in his films are different from the female Xia and Confucian Xia Hu Jinquan is good at. They are more like the Ranger and assassin who existed in the pre Qin period. “He will believe what he says, and he will act as a result. He has promised to be sincere, and he does not love his body, and he goes to the plight of scholars.”.

Directed by Zhang Che, the one armed sword, which was released in 1967, became the first Hong Kong film with a box office of more than one million, laying Zhang Che’s position in the Jianghu.

The screenwriter of “one armed Dao” is Ni Kuang, one of the “four talents in Hong Kong”.

In 1957, Ni Kuang smuggled from Guangzhou to Macao, and then came to Hong Kong. At first, he only worked in a dyeing factory, and occasionally contributed to Zhenbao. Unexpectedly, he wrote a famous story by mistake and became a writer.

Ni Kuang also writes about martial arts. In 1965, while running Ming Pao, Jin Yong wrote the novel Tianlong Babu. He had to go abroad for a month. If the serialization of Tianlong Babu is suspended, it will be difficult for readers to accept it. But Jin Yong is really lack of skills, so he has to ask Ni Kuang to write for him.

Before leaving, Jin Yong told Ni Kuang not to kill the characters in the novel. As soon as Jin Yong left, Ni Kuang blinded a Zi in the novel. When Jin Yong came back, he found that Ni Kuang had completely released himself and changed the plot beyond recognition.

Facing the question, Ni Kuang said with a smile, “I didn’t make it blind. It was dingchunqiu who made it blind.”

Ni Kuang has made great achievements in the script of martial arts films, but after he wrote a work, he left it alone with the money, so the content is often wantonly modified by the director. He changed Jin Yong’s novels and others changed his plays.

Ni Kuang didn’t mind this. He joked that he wrote only the five words “Ni Kuang, one armed Sabre” in “one armed Sabre”. After this film, he and Zhang Che began to cooperate for more than ten years.

The heroes in Zhang Che’s films are handsome, natural and unrestrained. Their simple ancient costumes show their masculine temperament. There is often a melancholy color between their eyebrows. They staged stories of tragic heroes.

Lixiuxian, Dilong and jiangdavide are all Zhang Che’s proud disciples.

David Jiang was born into an entertainment family. He and his brother jiangchangnian are both child stars. Jiangchangnian later took the stage name Qin Pei, and he is also a famous actor in Hong Kong. Their mother remarried after her father died and gave birth to a son named Er Dongsheng.

Brothers in the performing arts circle are not uncommon, but the names of Qin Pei, Jiang Dawei and ER Dongsheng are completely different. They are brothers, which is estimated to surprise many people.

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? Zhang Che’s Royal hero Jiang Davide.

05

Zhang Che won the title of “millions of directors” for “one armed Sabre”. However, there is another director under the Shao family who is known as “Chu thousands”.

This person is Chu Yuan.

Chu Yuan was obsessed with Shanghai films since childhood. After liberation, he went to university in Guangzhou and studied many film theory works of the former Soviet Union. In 1954, he fled to Hong Kong.

Chu Yuan wanted to be an actor, but he was too short, so he had to develop into a screenwriter and director. Perhaps he could not let go of his obsession with acting. Chu Yuan played a guest role in movies and TV plays from time to time in his later years. The villain in Jackie Chan’s police story was played by Chu Yuan.

Now when it comes to Hong Kong films, many people think that the Mandarin films they watched in the video hall and on TV when they were young were dubbing versions introduced from the mainland. In fact, in the 1970s, Hong Kong was the world of Mandarin films. Bruce Lee’s films were released in Mandarin, but they were re released in the 1980s and then changed to Cantonese.

Chu Yuan was also good at dubbing Gu Long’s martial arts films in Mandarin when they were released in Hong Kong and Taiwan. He said: “Gu Long’s dialogue is the most interesting in Mandarin.”

But it is also Chu Yuan who brought Cantonese films back to life. In 1973, his Cantonese film 72 tenants, once released, caused a sensation in Hong Kong and became the box office champion of that year. This film has a far-reaching impact and will produce various film and television plays in the future.

However, at this time, the Jianghu of Hong Kong films was no longer dominated by the Shaw family.

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? stills of 72 tenants.

06

Zhangche once wrote a poem for zouwenhuai: “a bosom friend has a thousand fights of wine, and half a piece of paper on human relations; things in the world are like a chess game, it is better to start first.”

In the chess game of Hong Kong Film and television circles, zouwenhuai did not hesitate to take Shao’s army.

Zouwenhuai worked for Shaw for N years. Although he was highly valued by Shaw, he was also hampered repeatedly.

In 1970, when he was over sixty, Shaw was in a good mood and had a succession of happy events. Cathay Pacific, an old rival for more than ten years, finally stopped its production business. Lihanxiang, a “rebel” who had left Taiwan for a long time, had a difficult business and would be closed sooner or later.

After that, run run run brought his confidant Fang Yihua to run the purchasing department. Fang Yihua, who was born as a singer, was willing to be a “Concubine” for many years. She did not officially marry Shaw until she was 62 years old. She was called “six aunts”. She said that it was she who called Andy Lau, Jacky Cheung, liming and Aaron Kwok the “four heavenly kings”.

Shaw rebuilt the Greater China culture in a small Hong Kong. Shaw said, “I produce movies to meet the needs and aspirations of the audience. The core audience is the Chinese.” Because of the existence of Shaw, Hong Kong became the center of Chinese films at that time.

Just then, bad news came. Zouwenhuai, the first able minister under Run Run Shaw, took a group of old Shao generals and set up Jiahe company.

Zouwenhuai said, “after staying in the same place for a long time, there will always be times when people want to change. Moreover, shaolaoliu and I are actually the same kind of people. There are two of us in a small piece of the world. It’s too crowded.”

At the beginning of Jiahe’s establishment, it didn’t become a climate. Zouwenhuai’s first film was the blind man vs. one armed Dao CO produced with Japan. Wang Yu, the star of one armed Dao, was also invited to continue acting, which was a bit of a gimmick.

Although zouwenhuai participated in the production of the “one armed Sabre” series, it is unknown that there is a fake Shao family. As soon as “blind Xia vs. one armed Sabre” was released, Run Run Shaw sued zouwenhuai, accusing Jiahe of infringing copyright.

Shao and Zou, who turned against each other, went to court for this. They spent millions of lawyers’ fees. They still quarreled until the film screening ended.

07

However, zouwenhuai did not follow suit. He and his Jiahe soon found the weapon to deal with Shaw, and it was a big killer – this was Bruce Lee.

In 1970, Bruce Lee, who developed in the United States, told Hong Kong media that he would return to Hong Kong for development as long as the film remuneration and script were appropriate. Shao took the lead in contacting him. As a result, not only did he get less pay (US $2000), but his attitude was also arrogant, which made the proud Bruce Lee very dissatisfied.

Shao’s pay has always been a hole.

Although Shaw spent a lot of money to attract famous stars such as LindaI at the beginning of its establishment, it has always adhered to the family business model and implemented the monthly salary system since then. Employees who signed up with Shaw often have to endure long-term contracts and low wages.

Chenbaozhu, who made Cantonese films in the 1960s, makes dozens of plays every year, and has a fortune of millions, but his film salary is no more than 10000.

At that time, the actors’ pay was even lower than that of martial arts masters. Jiang Davide, who had been involved in martial arts, once told Zhang Che that he would rather be a substitute than an actor.

Lixiuxian once talked about Shao’s management system, saying that actors at that time could not go out at night.

When talking about their old employers, Shao’s old employees often say that “boss Shao has fed a lot of people”, but rarely praise Shao’s benefits.

In contrast, nowadays, the star’s film pay is a sky high price. There is also the so-called yin-yang contract. Some people are sentenced to 800million yuan for tax evasion. If Shao’s actors at that time knew about it, they might have thought it was impossible.

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? zouwenhuai and Bruce Lee.

After talking with Shao, brother long was very angry and the consequences were very serious. He turned to talk with Jiahe.

Seeing the value of Bruce Lee, zouwenhuai boldly offered $7500 as the film remuneration and promised to meet his other requirements. Bruce Lee was very satisfied and directly signed two films with Jiahe.

In 1971, as soon as Bruce Lee’s “big brother Tangshan” was released, it set a box office record in Hong Kong.

Bruce Lee is angry, Jiahe is alive, and zouwenhuai can’t close his mouth with laughter. Run Run Shaw can only sulk at home.

At this time, Shaw, who has always been wise, often missed the opportunity. When Bruce Lee was fighting for supremacy in Xiangjiang, xuguanwen, the “cold faced comedian” who had worked for Shaw for many years, brought his own script to talk about cooperation with Shaw. He wanted to direct and act by himself, and even wanted to pay dividends.

a bonus? There are no doors.

Seeing that Shaw was too stingy, xuguanwen also went to Jiahe to shoot the comedy ghost horse double stars. This film aims at the gambling psychology of Hong Kong people and weaves jokes with local Cantonese slang. Naturally, it is very popular. After its release in Hong Kong in 1974, the box office reached 6.25 million, breaking the record again, just making up for Jiahe’s losses caused by Bruce Lee’s death.

By 1981, xuguanwen had created many films for Jiahe, such as “genius and idiot”, “half a pound”, “deed of betrayal” and “modern bodyguard”, all of which won the box office champion of that year, and no one could match.

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? poster of half weight

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08

Some people miss, is a lifetime. At this time, the Hong Kong film market was beyond Shao’s control. For film companies, the market was the source of money, and the box office was the king.

Hong Kong films have entered a golden age. New art city, Debao, ChinaStar, yinghuang and other companies have risen one after another. However, Shaw’s film career is declining.

In 1987, Shaw film company announced that it had officially stopped production. Although it had made a comeback with TVB in the 1990s, it did not catch the last bus of the golden age of Hong Kong films, but quickly fell silent.

However, Shaw did not retire from Jianghu, but took monopolizing TV industry as main direction.

In 1967, Hong Kong Television Broadcasting Corporation Limited (TVB) was established, and Run Run Shaw was an important shareholder of TVB.

Since the 1980s, Run Run Shaw has gradually failed in the film market, but his carefully built TVB has entered an institutionalized era, playing a triumphant song in the viewing competition and being very pioneering in TV dramas, music and variety shows.

At the beginning of reform and opening up, classic TV dramas such as “Legend of the Eagle Shooting hero” and “Shanghai beach” produced by TVB were introduced into the mainland, causing a viewing frenzy. Since then, every Chinese audience will have several impressive TVB dramas in their memory.

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? stills of Shanghai beach.

TVB’s training course for radio TV Artists, which was launched in 1972, has continuously provided a large number of talents for the Chinese film industry.

Chow Yun fat, wumengda, Rendahua, linlingdong, duqifeng, chenyulian, lvliangwei, huangrihua, Andy Lau, liangjiahui, WuZhenYu, LiuQingYun, wujunru and so on all came out of TVB’s artist training class.

In 1982, two young people who had been weak champions in the past two years applied for the wireless artist training class at the same time.

They are good friends. One of them aspires to be an actor since childhood, and the other is just dragged by him to accompany him. As a result, the young man with a mind to be an actor unfortunately failed to be selected. Instead, the one who accompanied him in the exam was accidentally admitted as the 11th student because of his handsome appearance.

Stephen Chow lost the election and Tony Leung was admitted.

After unremitting efforts, Stephen Chow, who refused to admit defeat, still squeezed into TVB. He has been playing tricks in TV dramas all the year round. He is no better than Tony Leung (the other four are Huang Rihua, Andy Lau, Miao Qiaowei and Tang Zhenye), who has become one of the “five wireless tigers”. It was not until he was discovered by lixiuxian that Stephen Chow’s career was on the right track and became the “king of comedy” we know well.

In addition, TVB began to select “Miss Hong Kong” in 1973. There are so many great beauties in Hong Kong movies that this beauty pageant almost covers half of the country. Zhaoyazhi, zhangmanyu, qiushuzhen, zhongchuhong, Li Jiaxin, zhouhaimei, caishaofen, yuanyongyi, etc. have all participated in the selection of Hong Kong sister.

Whether they are the trainees of the training class or the Hong Kong sisters, these people have taken the mark of Shao’s since their debut. Some people have been working hard for many years since they began to play tricks. Some people have made great progress in their careers. Later, they have become the backbone of Hong Kong’s film and television industry.

09

Shaw’s legend lies not only in film and television, but also in Shaw’s philanthropy. In a century of life, Shaw’s philanthropy is worth learning from all Chinese entrepreneurs.

Since 1985, Run Shaw has set his sights on the mainland of China. He said: “the key to China’s strength lies in education and talent training. It is my greatest wish to donate the money I earn to the cause of education and do some practical things.”

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? Run Run Shaw in his youth.

A Run Run Shaw in Hong Kong, how many Run Shaw buildings in the mainland? This is the question raised by some netizens when Shaw died in 2014.

Some say it is 30000 seats, others say it is more than 6000 seats. Although there is no unified data, Yifu Building is almost all over China. Almost all children from different regions can find an escape building in their local school.

According to statistics, since the 1980s, Shaw has donated HK $4billion to the mainland in more than 20 years, and has built more than 6000 education and medical projects in the mainland, covering 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions.

The centenarian, who created a movie and television Jianghu, still moved freely in his later years. Talking about the secret of health preservation, he said: first, work hard, second, laugh often, and third, practice martial arts every day.

When Sir Run Run Run Shaw retired to the mountains and forests, Hong Kong films were on the decline.

In the 1990s, a large number of Taiwan funds entered the Hong Kong film market. Some filmmakers decided to salvage a sum of money before 1997, so they won a large amount of investment from Taiwan film makers and made shoddy products. In 1993, the eight major Taiwanese film makers negotiated with the Hong Kong Film Industry Association on lowering the remuneration of actors, and mentioned that “more than 250 Taiwan funded Hong Kong films have not been delivered on schedule”. “Uncompleted” investments were numerous, and Hong Kong films eventually lost the trust of Taiwan businessmen and the Taiwan market.

Around 1997, gangster capital, which had played an important role in Hong Kong Film and television, also withdrew one after another, and Hong Kong films lost a lot of reliance. Hong Kong filmmakers have gone north to make money. The local market is declining and has been unable to recover.

On January 7, 2014, Shaw died at the age of 107.

At that time, the glory of Shaw’s films had become history, and the golden age of Hong Kong films was gone forever. But almost all Chinese people have remembered the name of Run Run Shaw through the buildings of Run Shaw.

A generation of film and television tycoons have spent most of their lives building a huge business empire. They have been constantly engaged in right and wrong throughout their lives, but they are finally remembered by the Chinese people in the name of charity tycoons.

This is called “reaching the goal and helping the world”, which is the best conclusion to the legendary life of run run run.

reference:

Weijunzi: Hong Kong film history, Renmin University of China Press, 2013 Edition

Zhang Che: reviewing the 30 years of Hong Kong films, Sanlian bookstore (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd., 1989 edition

Zhao Weifang: historical contribution of Yifu in a century, contemporary film, 2014, issue 5

Fubaoshi and Liu Hui: building “China” in Hong Kong: the Greater China Vision of Shaw films, contemporary films, 2014, issue 5

Liu Qi: on the maturity, evolution and significance of Hong Kong martial arts films in the 1960s and 1970s, master’s thesis of Shanghai Theatre Academy, 2009

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