Portrait of Liu Bei
Anyone who has read the romance of the Three Kingdoms knows that Liu Bei was extremely down and out before he became famous, “weaving mats and peddling shoes for a living”. Later, the “weavers of seats and shoes” were “unusually humble”.
In such circumstances, Liu Bei worked hard to establish Shuhan and secede. His experience can be said to be inspiring.
History is full of coincidences. During the northern and Southern Dynasties, another founding emperor, Liu Yu, surnamed Liu, was also a descendant of the Western Han Dynasty Royal family. In his early years, he also made a living selling shoes. His experience has many similarities with that of Liu Bei.
Henan Business Daily reporter jizhonggui
Woven mat peddler shoes
Young Liu Bei: a “Pan Li” living at the bottom of society
According to historical records, Liu Bei was the queen of King Jing of Zhongshan. Liu Sheng, the historical king of Zhongshan, was the son of emperor Jing of Han Dynasty and the half brother of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. He has more than 120 sons and is the most descendant of the princes in history.
According to the “order of pushing for mercy” of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sons of princes and kings could divide their father’s territory equally. In addition, the frequent wars and chaos after the fall of the Western Han Dynasty made Liu Bei’s early life very difficult. According to records in the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei’s father died early. Since childhood, he and his mother lived on each other, weaving mats and selling shoes.
Although they are “Han clan relatives”, Liu Bei and his ancestor King Jing of Zhongshan have been separated for more than 300 years, and there is no evidence left, so they can only be called “distant descendants”. At that time, Liu Yan, Liu Biao, Liu Zhang and others were all clans of the Eastern Han Dynasty. They were the standard second generation of officials and the second generation of rich people. They had a big family and a big business, and completely defeated Liu Bei at the starting line.
However, Liu Bei’s EQ and IQ are indeed superior. Knowing that he wanted to start a business, the two Hanshi clansmen actually competed to be “angel investors”, and took the initiative to give him his family property and let him do the capital.
Establish Shuhan
Han clan is the best card in Liu Bei’s hand
Liu Bei’s experience was not plain sailing. When the Yellow turban uprising broke out, Liu Bei also took a small team to participate in the suppression, and became a county Lieutenant because of military merit.
Later, the imperial court ordered that most of those who became officials because of military achievements should be eliminated. Liu Bei caught up with this “wave of layoffs” and simply whipped the governor who urged him to leave his post, abandoned his official position and fled.
A good leader is of great help to a person. Following the governor, Liu Bei was asked for bribes, so that he committed the great crime of “committing the following crimes against the top”; Under the command of Lu Zhi, Zhu Jun, Liu Hui, Liu Yu and others, Liu Bei’s career went smoothly. When something went wrong, leaders covered him.
Although only a distant descendant, the card “Han clan” is undoubtedly the best card in Liu Bei’s hands. It is with this card that he can get equipment and money from rich businessmen when his career starts; When your career is at a low ebb, someone always offers to help.
Selling shoes for a living
Another founding emperor surnamed Liu also made a living selling shoes
Some coincidences in history are always amazing. For example, it was Deng AI, a senior general of Sima Zhao, who destroyed the Shu Han Dynasty surnamed Liu; In the Jin Dynasty established by Sima family, the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by Liu Cong, a Hun, the grandson of the Western Han Dynasty, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was destroyed by Liu Yu, a descendant of the Chu Yuan king of the Western Han Dynasty.
Liu Yu’s early experience is very similar to that of Liu Bei. He also sells straw sandals for a living. However, Liu Yu’s “Clan card” has long faded. He also likes gambling and often loses all his income from selling shoes, so he is despised.
In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Jiao founded the Taiping Road, gathered a large number of believers, and launched the Yellow turban uprising. Liu Bei led a team to participate in the suppression; At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, sun en founded the five Dou rice Dao to gather believers. Later, he also launched an uprising. At the age of 37, Liu Yu came to prominence in the anti rebel war.
In 399 A.D., sun en’s uprising was like a prairie fire. Wang Feng, the most important three Wu and eight prefectures in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was subordinate to him. The number of his troops reached hundreds of thousands and crossed the south of the Yangtze River.
Unify the South
At the age of 58, he founded the Liu Song Dynasty
Sun en’s uprising greatly consumed the troops of the Jin court, which made huanxuan, an already rebellious power minister, feel that there was an opportunity to take advantage of it. In the first year of Yuanxing (AD 402), Huan Xuan sent troops to approach Jiankang. Sima Yuanxian tried to defend the city, but was killed in failure.
After entering the capital, Huan Xuan claimed to be in charge of state affairs, the governor of all military affairs at home and abroad, and added a fake Huang Yue. He killed Sima Daozi, Yu Kai, Sima Shangzhi, liuguzhi and other important officials, calmed down several resistance forces, and was crowned emperor in the second year of Yuanxing (A.D. 403), changing the Yuan Dynasty to “Yongshi”, which was known as “Huan Chu” in history.
Huan Xuan was determined to unify. After usurping the throne, he trusted Liu Yu and believed that it was “not for him” to wipe out the Central Plains. However, when Huan Xuan was planning how to carry out the northern expedition, Liu Yu was also secretly plotting against him.
In February of the third year of Yuanxing (A.D. 404), Liu Yu, in the name of hunting, gathered more than 100 people to take the lead and killed Huan Xiu; Liu Yi also succeeded in Guangling, killing Huanxiu’s younger brother huanhong. Then, they pushed Liu Yu as the leader of the alliance, and the four sides responded. Huan Xuan kidnapped the Jin’an emperor and fled. After the decisive battle, Huan Xuan fled to Xichuan and was killed by local officials. In March of the following year, Liu Yuying was restored to the throne of Jin’an emperor and took over the imperial power.
In December of the 14th year of the reign of emperor Yixi (AD 418), Liu Yu ordered his henchmen to poison the Jin’an emperor and made Sima Dewen a puppet emperor. In the second year of the reign of emperor Xi of the Yuan Dynasty (420 A.D.), Liu Yu, 58, forced Sima Dewen to the throne, changed the country name to “great song”, changed the Yuan Dynasty to the early Yongchu period, and created the Liu Song Dynasty.
Influence of two dynasties
Liu Song imperial clan, dingkoufan
According to the records in the annals of the Three Kingdoms ยท biography of Shu, Liu Bei left a posthumous imperial edict before his death. The famous saying of “do not do evil but small, do not do good but small, only virtuous but moral, and benevolence is subordinate to people” has been passed down to this day.
Liu Yu’s story of educating his children is also highly praised by historians. “Zizhi Tongjian – Song Ji” records: “since the emperor was noble, he ordered to hide the tools for farming in Weishi to show his descendants. When the emperor came to the Forbidden City, he was ashamed to see it. When he came near or came in, he said: Da Shun plowed through the mountains, and Yu was involved in the soil and water. His majesty did not see the relics, but he knew the supreme virtue of the former Emperor and the difficulty of farming!”
It means that after Liu yufugui, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty, ordered to collect the farming tools used in his humble days to show them to his descendants. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty felt ashamed when he saw the tiller his father had used in his early years. The courtiers around him said: in those days, Dashun personally cultivated in Lishan, and Dayu personally controlled the soil and water. How can your majesty know the noble virtue of the former Emperor and the difficulties of farming without seeing these relics!
Liuyilong, the emperor of Song Dynasty, was very successful, which led to the prosperous era of “the rule of yuan and Jia” in the south, in sharp contrast to the years of war and chaos in the north at that time. The Liu Song Dynasty was also the dynasty with the largest territory, the strongest strength, the most developed economy and the most prosperous culture in the Southern Dynasty.
In history, the clans of Liu and Song dynasties were also famous for their various Ding Kou. Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty has seven sons, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty has 19 sons, Emperor Xiaowu has 28 sons, and the descendants of other princes and kings are countless. The imperial family population has increased greatly, and the Liu Song Dynasty has also become a golden age of rapid population growth of the Liu family.