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In traditional Chinese mythology, there are mainly two prefectures in charge of Yinsi affairs, namely, yincao prefectures of Buddhism and Fengdu prefectures of Taoism. We often say that the “ten palace hell” is the saying of Fengdu prefectures of Taoism. However, although the “ten halls of hell” is a Taoist saying, the word “hell” originated from Buddhism. Originally, it refers to the main god in charge of the 18 levels of hell in Buddhism. Later, because Buddhism was introduced into China, the belief in hell began to spread gradually and was adopted by Taoism.
In the early days, there was only one king of hell, and then he was divided into five people by governing affairs. There were eighteen assistants. In the Tang Dynasty, there was also a saying that the emperor of heaven conferred the title of King Yama and commanded the guards of the five mountains. At the same time, there was a saying that hell was divided into ten halls with different functions. In each hall, there was a king of Yama sitting in charge, which was collectively called the king of Yama of the ten halls.
The first Hall: jiangziwen, the king of Qin Guang, specializes in the life and death of the world and governs good and bad luck
As the king of hell in the first Hall of the underworld, King Qin Guang’s main duty is to determine the way for those who enter the underworld. If a good man dies, he can lead Chaosheng; If the merits and demerits are half and half, they will be directly sent to the tenth hall for reincarnation, where men turn into women and women turn into men; If there are many evils but few good ones, they will be sent to the right Evil Mirror platform of the temple to see the good and bad of the world, and then they will be sent to the second temple in batches to accept the suffering of hell.
In his previous life, King Guang of Qin was jiangziwen, a general at the end of the Han Dynasty. Although he was fond of drinking and lusting, he thought his bones were strange, and often said to himself, “his bones are clear, and death should be God.” He was originally moling Wei in the late Han Dynasty. He died at the foot of Zhongshan Mountain after chasing robbers and was buried here. It is said that during the Three Kingdoms period, he had many miracles, so Sun Quan named him the God of Zhongshan and changed Zhongshan into Jiangshan. During the “Feishui war” of the former Qin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jiang Ziwen also repeatedly showed his divine power, and repeatedly showed his spirit to save the drought. Therefore, during the northern and Southern Dynasties, the emperor of the Southern Dynasty repeatedly granted him gifts, and was even granted the title of Emperor during the donghun Marquis of the Southern Qi Dynasty.
According to folklore, after his death, Jiang Ziwen was renamed to the underworld and became king Qin Guang, the first Hall of the ten halls of hell. God lived in the xuanming palace.
Second Hall: Li Wen, king of Chu River, specialized in living in hell
The king of Chu River lives in the palace of Pu Ming. He is in charge of the living hell, also known as the cold hell of the clothes stripping Pavilion. There are also 16 small hell. Anyone who injures people’s limbs, rapes, steals and kills people in the sun will enter this hell to accept punishment, and will be sent to a small hell to suffer according to the size of the crime. After the expiration of his sentence, he was escorted to the third hall.
It is said that Li Wen, the governor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was granted the title of Yi Yang marquis in his previous life. As for the specific situation, no relevant information has been found.
The third Hall: Emperor Yu Qin of the Song Dynasty, specializing in the black rope hell
The emperor of Song Dynasty lived in the Zhou Jue palace, and was in charge of the Heisheng hell, with 16 small prisons. Those who disobey their elders and instigate lawsuits will enter this hell, be punished by hanging upside down, gouging eyes and scraping bones, and then be sent to a small hell to suffer according to the size of the crime, and be transferred to the fourth hall after the completion of the sentence.
In his previous life, Emperor song was an afterthought of the Tang Dynasty. He was intelligent and studied hard since he was a child. Later, he was awarded a middle school scholar in the year of Shenlong. He successively served as the right coach envoy of Raozhou, the Jiedu envoy, the left wing soldier and horse envoy, the jiejie assassin, the Minister of the Ministry of works and the doctor of the imperial envoy, and was granted the title of Zhu state. When he was an official, he was honest, considerate of the people, did a lot of practical things for the people, and was deeply respected by the people.
The fourth Hall: Lu Dai, the official of Wu, specialized in the great hell
King Wuguan (also known as the king of five senses) lives in the Taihe palace and controls the great hell, also known as the hell of the blood pool. There are also 16 small hell. Those who resist grain and rent in the sun and cheat in transactions will be pushed into this prison. In addition, they will be sentenced to suffer in a small prison and sent to the fifth temple for inspection.
In his previous life, King Wu was an important official of the Wu state during the Three Kingdoms period. Originally, he was an official of counties and counties. He was appointed by Sun Quan for avoiding chaos and crossing south. He successively served as the commander of the army, general Zhaoxin Zhonglang, the governor of Luling, General Annan, and the top general. He was appointed the Duke of Panyu. Lu Dai made great efforts to serve the public throughout his life. He not only made great contributions to the development of the territory and territory of Sun Wu, but also lived a very long life. He was 96 years old.
The fifth Hall: Bao Zheng, the king of hell, specially called the great hell
The king of hell dwells in the temple of correction, and the commander calls for the great hell and sixteen punishments of the small prison. Those who came to this temple were escorted to wangxiangtai, where they were told that their family had suffered all kinds of misfortunes in the world. They were immediately pushed into this prison to investigate what evil they had committed. They were sent to the sixteen small prisons of Zhuxin, where they were hooked out of their hearts, thrown snake food, cut their heads, and sent to another temple after suffering for a long time.
In his previous life, King Yama was a famous official of the Song Dynasty, Bao Zheng. There is no need to introduce him in detail. It is said that after Bao Zheng entered hell, he was the first Hall of hell at first. Later, he “died of pity and repeatedly released the sun and snow”. As a result, he was reduced to the fifth hall.
The sixth Hall: biyuanbin, the king of Bian City, is specially responsible for calling hell and wasting the dead city
The king of Bian City dwells in the morning palace. The commander calls for the great hell, and the dead city is wasted. There are 16 other small hell. Those who disobedient and unfilial in the sun will be sawed apart by two imps. Ordinary people complain about heaven and earth. Those who cry when they drown in the north will be sent to this prison to investigate their crimes. They will also be punished by beating with an iron awl and burning their tongues. They will be sent to a small prison to suffer. They will be transferred to the seventh hall for a full day to check whether there is any other evil.
In his previous life, King Biancheng was biyuanbin of the northern and Southern Dynasties. He was the son of Bi Zhongjing, a famous general of the Northern Dynasty. He was not only righteous and heroic, but also accomplished both literature and martial arts. He performed meritorious deeds with his father. Later, he was named Marquis Xuchang and general jiapingyuan. Biyuanbin has a clean and peaceful government and is good at caring for people’s belongings. He is deeply loved by the people.
The seventh Hall: Wang Donghe of Mount Tai specializes in hot brain hell
The king of Mount Tai dwells in Shenhua palace. He is in charge of the hot hell, also known as the pestle meat sauce hell. There are also 16 small hell. Those who take bones and medicine from the sun and leave the people to their relatives will be sent to this prison, and then sent to a small prison. After suffering for a full day, they will be transferred to the eighth hall and put in prison for investigation and treatment. And those who commit theft, false accusation, extortion, or murder for money will be punished by cooking oil.
In his previous life, King Taishan was Donghe, an important official of Shu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In his early years, he served as Niu Xiu, Jiangyuan county magistrate and Chengdu county magistrate under Liu Zhang. During his tenure, he set an example and improved the atmosphere of advocating luxury. Later, he moved to Yizhou to get along well with the ethnic minorities and won their love. In the 19th year of Jian’an (214), Liu Bei captured Yizhou, appointed Dong He as the commander of the army, and co chaired the affairs of his own government with Zhugeliang. For more than 20 years, Dong He, a resident official, has managed and pacified the border ethnic minorities externally and participated in military and state affairs internally. When he was dying, he did not have any private wealth of grain at home.
The eighth Hall: huangzhongyong, the king of the city, specializes in the hell
The city King God dwells in Bizhen palace. He is in charge of the great heat and anger of the great hell, also known as the annoyed pot hell. There are also 16 small hell. Anyone who is unfilial in the world and makes her parents Weng Gu depressed and worried will be thrown into this prison. Then he was handed over to each small prison for extra punishment. After suffering a lot, he was handed over to the ninth hall and changed into a new animal forever.
In his previous life, metropolis king was a famous writer and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, and huangzhongyong was as famous as Sima Guang, Ouyangxiu, Bao Zheng, etc. He studied hard, worked hard and made progress. During the reign of Huangyou, he joined Zhonggong yuan, Jieyuan and Huiyuan, and ranked first in the second class after the palace examination. Later, he successively served as prefect of Jiang’an County, county magistrate, doctor Taichang, general judge of Guangxi Beihai, governor Shaowu, general Secretary Taichang, etc., and assisted Sima Guang in writing the general review of capital management. Later, he became an official because he was involved in the party struggle of Yuanyou. After his recovery, he served as Taichang Temple secretary, minister in chief and Deputy Prime Minister of the Privy Council. After his death, he received the posthumous title of “Wenzheng”. Huang Zhongyong is an official who is generous and generous. He can break the strange prison. He lives a lot of people. Zhejiang people are virtuous.
The ninth Hall: Luyou, the king of equality, specializes in the hell
The king of equality lives in the Qifei palace, and is in charge of the iron network of Fengdu city. There are also 16 small prisons. Anyone who kills, sets fire to others in the sun, or cuts and strangles the Dharma can be brought to this hall. They use hollow copper piles to hold their hands and feet together, fan the fire and burn their hearts and livers, and then suffer punishment in the abyss hell. Until all the victims were incarnated, they were allowed to put forward that there were six ways (heaven, humanity, tunnel, Asura, hell and beast) in the tenth temple.
In his previous life, King Ping was Luyou, a patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty and one of the four great poets of ZTE. He is also relatively familiar to everyone. Luyou once took part in the scientific research when Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty, but his career was not smooth due to the exclusion of prime minister Qin Hui. Later, Emperor Xiaozong of song officially became an official. He successively served as the chief bookkeeper of Ningde County in Fuzhou, the official deleted from the imperial edict, and the general judge of Longxing government. However, due to his persistence in resisting the Jin Dynasty, he was repeatedly rejected by the moderates. His life fluctuated and his final official position was Baozhang Pavilion.
The tenth Hall: Wang Xueli, the runner, is specially responsible for solving ghosts in each hall, distinguishing good from evil, and determining the level
The Runner King is a Suying official in the Shenju. His duty is the last one in the hell, that is, to make the final verification of the ghosts escorted from the halls, and then to send them to the four continents for reincarnation according to their good and evil and their guilt. All evil spirits who commit iniquities will be made to wet their eggs and die day and night. After their sins are full, they will return to life and be reborn in barbarian lands. Those sent to incarnation shall be delivered to Meng Po God by a shilling, and they will forget the stage for seconds, drink the misty soup, and forget the events of their previous lives.
The previous life of the runner king was Xueli, a famous general of the Tang Dynasty, also known as xuerengui. He joined the army in the last year of Zhenguan, and then fought for decades. He defeated tiele of the nine surnames, subdued Koryo, and defeated Turks. He made outstanding contributions, leaving behind such allusions as “good strategies to stop fighting”, “three arrows to fix the Tianshan Mountain”, “Shenyong to take over Liaodong”, “benevolent governance of Gaoli country”, “loving the people Xiangzhou city”, “taking off his hat and retreating from thousands of enemies”. By the time of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, he had served as the governor of Guazhou, general Wei, the right leader, the acting governor of the procurator school, and the Duke of Pingyang County.
These are the ten halls of hell. From their functions, it is not difficult to see that except for the first hall, which is in charge of distinguishing good and evil, and the tenth hall, which is in charge of reincarnation, the other eight halls are mainly responsible for judging and punishing ghosts.
However, although all the ten hall yamas have their real bodies in previous lives, as stated in the first episode of Youyang Zazu, “those who are loyal and filial are all underground masters in their lives”, or as recorded in the northern dream, the world says: people are honest, and death is an official in the dark “, that is to say, the position of the ten hall yamas is not fixed. As long as they are loyal, filial, honest and kind, they can be officials in the lower world after death, Even become the king of hell. Disclaimer: the above content originates from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author. Please inform us if your original copyright is infringed, and we will delete the relevant content as soon as possible.
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